LED Wall Systems
Definition
An LED wall is assembled from modular panels (tiles). Its main specification is the pixel pitch, the distance in millimetres between the centres of adjacent pixels. A 2.6 mm pitch suits close viewing, while a 10 mm pitch is coarse but acceptable at a distance. A widely used rule of thumb puts the minimum comfortable viewing distance in metres at roughly the pitch in millimetres, about 2.6 metres for a 2.6 mm wall; manufacturers present it as a starting point that also depends on the content. Closer than that distance, individual pixels become visible.
The guide
A processor drives the wall, often split into a sending unit and receiver cards mounted in the panels. It maps the incoming video onto the physical layout of the tiles and handles scaling, colour and frame timing. A mapping error appears as tearing, repeated or scrambled sections across the tiles, so the processor configuration matters as much as the panels.
LED walls emit much more light than a projected image. Indoor panels are commonly around 1000 nits, and outdoor panels 4000 to 6000 nits or more to remain readable in sunlight. Indoors the output is usually set well below its maximum, both for audience comfort and to avoid overexposing cameras. On camera, the refresh behaviour of the wall interacts with the frame rate and shutter of the camera; when they are not coordinated, the image shows bands or flicker. The Camera / LED Sync tool handles this synchronisation.
The rule
Pixel pitch is chosen from the shortest viewing distance of the audience and the cameras.
Glossary terms
Sources
- 4Wall Entertainment : distance minimale de vision ≈ pas en mm exprimé en mètres (règle empirique) · 4wall.com
- Barco : pas de pixel et distance de vision des murs LED · barco.com
- Planar : distance de vision recommandée des écrans LED à vision directe · planar.com
- 4Wall Entertainment, luminosité : dalles d'intérieur autour de 1000 nits, extérieur de 4000 à 6000 nits et plus · 4wall.com